Kreutzer/Pershing-Kreutzer Etudes vol. 1

Etudes are (purposely) given few dynamic or phrase markings, though students are encouraged to add their own. Many of the etudes are marked with wide tempo ranges. Some of the etudes can stand alone musically, whereas others are better suited for technical study. Variety of major keys, up to 4 sharps and 3 flats, as well as two minor keys (a and d) Time signatures are straightforward: 4/4, 3/4, 12/8, 6/8, cut time.